Donna Cooper

Donna Cooper

Friday, November 19, 2010

Genealogy's Personal Touch

Barry County is where my roots are and so I want my family history to be saved for those who come behind me. It bothers me to see people who don't care about the preservation of record. Careless record keeping and slapped together family trees bring my temperature up above what is normally healthy. 

My earliest family came to the county around 1836, long before much record keeping was done in this county. I've had to learn a lot to follow their footsteps through Barry County. Since I have ancestors scattered all over, my study has taken me to every community in the county. This long research journey began about 40 years ago and has progressed with time. Before the Internet, sometimes it took months to do what we can do in a few hours now. The web makes research easier for all of us when the record is reported with care so accurate record keeping has been my goal.

Among the things that I've done to help make web studies better for researchers was to transcribe the 1850, 1860, 1870 and the 1880 census and the early county newspapers. I learned a lot about the Barry County as I plowed through those early documents. In the days when few could read and write sometimes these early records were less than accurate.

Cemeteries are a great research tool and I really do love cemetery work but sometimes old stones are not very accurate either. But with all the pieces usually some truth can be found in the record. I always think of broken down old cemeteries as tattered and worn out history books. All we have to do to learn about an area is just page through the stones. 

My interest in cemeteries keeps growing, but when I was the president of the Northwest Arkansas Genealogical Society and helping with the recording of the Benton Co., AR, cemeteries, I always thought that it would great to do all the cemeteries in Barry County. Back in those days we did hand transcriptions because that was before we had digital cameras. Those, I learned, are usually filled with error. The camera brought accuracy to the transcription process. 

After I became coordinator, I realized that if the Barry cemeteries were ever going to be photographed, the time was at hand. The newly developed digital camera was on my buy list and I wanted one bad. So with a new camera and my cemetery dreams that did not hush, I asked for volunteers to help with the cemetery project. 

Since then, many dedicated and hard working individuals have jumped in to help. Folks have bared the heat, chiggers, and ticks to record the record so that it might be saved for generations to come. Through their efforts and devotion, we have about ¾ of the county cemeteries done at the present time. These photographs have help correct Internet genealogy and make it accountable to the written record. 

The interest in cemetery work has blossomed in our county, too, since we began recording stones. During this past year several old broken down cemeteries have been fenced; stones have been heaved up from the earth; broken stones have been repaired; stones that appeared unreadable have been transcribed; and old cemeteries that no one seemed to care about have been cleaned up and made public knowledge. Hard working volunteers did all of this on their own time and by their own wits. Barry County has a wonderful working genealogy society and they are encouraging and working hard on the restoration of cemeteries. Their work will be remembered for generations to come. We have proven that saving the record of our ancestors is foremost on our minds here in Barry County. 

Most of us like to go to the cemetery and dig up broken pieces of history and so do I. Cameras have clicked history right back into the pages that we thought were lost forever. Early on I jumped in with my camera and photographed Berryhill, King's Prairie and Maddy and with Darla Marbut's help we did New Site, King's, Calton and Chitwood Cemeteries. Also I submitted several photos for other cemeteries such as Washburn Prairie, Oakhill and Monett IOOF. Since then I have done several more. In 2010 Ted Roller helped me with Skelton, Roller at Garfield - the retakes, Mt. Olive in Newton County and Bethel Jolly. Phyllis Long and I did Perkins, A. P. Henderson and Darla Marbut and I did Ennis and Higgs. I did Mano about that same time. 

Determined to preserve the record has kept my computer buzzing. The coordinator's job is the largest and most complex volunteer work that I have ever undertaken. The ability to coordinate projects detail a web site's success but there are other things that have to be done, too. Sometimes just answering the mail is a full day's work. 

On my first day as coordinator I received almost 200 e-mail messages. That night, after 12 hours of work, I wondered what I had gotten myself into. For awhile I worked day and night and tried to get a handle the massive amount of work that lay in front of me. At first glance I could see that accuracy was a problem with much of what was stored already. Many names were recorded in cemeteries incorrectly and with incorrect dates. There was a lot of work to be done. In the past 2 years we have added about 6,000 new pages and made accuracy a priority. 

Without volunteers there would be nothing to coordinate, so the helpers who work so hard for Barry are the ones to be thanked for the marvelous web site that they have created. My thanks to our helpers for all they do, for preserving the record for those to come behind us and for caring about accuracy.

Thursday, November 18, 2010

Genealogy Reporting

 USING STATES AND LOCATIONS ON GENEALOGY CHARTS 


Reporting States  - States no longer have a period after the abbreviation - Missouri is MO not Mo. Tennessee is no longer Tenn. it is now TN and not Tn or Tn.. 
This situation caused me great difficulty because I typed most of my files before the change and it took ages to get the records changed over. I had some changed and some not changed. It was awful because I let my computer change some of them. Need I say more? 

Rivers Mark the Spot  - Rivers usually don't change courses - study new maps to see how they run and then look at old deeds for streams and references to present day structures. This helps to get perspective and to learn about directions of a certain area. 

Map Usage - A map is easy to use. Always know where your people lived.

When a researcher doesn't know the county their ancestor lived in - then that is trouble in the making. When towns and county's are spelled incorrectly then that is a red flag. Tread with caution. Chances are the researcher did not study what they posted.

Monday, November 15, 2010

Latin Words - Notes

This page goes with the Latin Word page - POSTED ON THIS BLOG


Note 1:  My ancestor, William Hancock, was among one of the early ones who died at Jamestown - he died March 22, 1621/22. King James the 1st, to settle the town of New Bern in the new colonies hired William Hancock for this task. He was at the Thorpes house, when the area Indians massacred the whole settlement. His older son William came to take over the business, but died soon after going there, and that is when Simon Hancock, his son, came to the United States. He had at least three sons and possibly more.
The Hancock family descended from Thomas Hancock who was born about 1525 in St. Mary Woolnot, London, London, England. One of his descendants, William Hancock came to America in the year of 1619. He was a member of The Virginia Company Of London which was created by King James I for the purpose of colonizing in America. The first settlement was established at Jamestown in 1607 but he did not arrive until a few years later. As an investor in the Virginia Company, William Hancock traveled to Jamestown and in 1619 had taken up residence there. William was a member of a group that founded Berkeley Hundred. On 22 March 1622 Indians attacked the settlement and William, along with many others, was massacred. Shortly after 1630, three of William's sons came to America. Augustine, Simon and William and they too became prominent planters in Virginia and all established families there that today probably include several thousand descendants. From Virginia, their descendants migrated throughout the south and Midwest but today are living in all parts of the United States. His son William Hancock was my ancestor.
Note 2: Pilgrim as well as Governor of Massachusetts, William Bradford is another one of my ancestors. Governor William Bradford was listed in Plymouth as "Master William Bradford (1589-1657) of Austerfield, Yorks, England, fustian maker, a commone blessing and father to them all."  William Bradford was early orphaned and virtually adopted by Brewster, sometime around 1602. He was a silk worker, Amsterdam 1607-9, a citizen of Leyden, England 1612 who was Governor or Assistant Gov of Plymouth from 1621-1657, and was a purchaser, 1626 for Plymouth Colony. Governor Bradford was an undertaker, 1627-41. Bradford served as a leader in opposing attempt to establish toleration, 1646 and was a presiding officer of United Colonies, 1648 and 1656. He left 990 lbs in his estate. Governor Bradford said,  "Plymouth now proclaimed a day of publick Thanksgiving for the beginning of revenge upon the enemy." So as reported in Bradford's History of Plymouth Colony, Gov. William Bradford proclaimed the first Thanksgiving.
The early years of Bradford's life are described by Cotton Mather in his book Magnalia Christi Americana, which was first published in 1702: It reads: "Among those Devout People was our William Bradford, who was born in 1588 in an obscure Village called Austerfield, where the people were as unacquainted with the Bible, as the Jews do seem to have been with part of it in the Days of Josiah; a most Ignorant and Licentious People, and like unto their Priest. Here, and in some other Places, he had a Comfortable Inheritance left him of his Honest Parents, who died while he was yet a Child, and cast him on the Education, first of his Grand Parents, and then of his Uncles, who devoted him, like his Ancestors, unto the Affairs of Husbandry. Soon and long Sickness kept him, as he would afterwards thankfully say, from the Vanities of Youth, and made him the fitter for what he was afterwards to undergo. When he was about a Dozen Years Old, the Reading of the Scriptures began to cause great Impressions upon him; and those Impressions were much assisted and improved, when he came to enjoy Mr. Richard Clifton's Illuminating Ministry, not far from his Abode; he was then also further befriended, by being brought into the Company and Fellowship of such as were then called Professors; though the Young Man that brought him into it, did after become a Prophane and Wicked Apostate. Nor could the Wrath of his Uncles, nor the Scoff of his Neighbours now turn'd upon him, as one of the Puritans, divert him from his Pious Inclinations."  And it reads:  " . . . Having with a great Company of Christians Hired a Ship to Transport them for Holland, the Master perfidiously betrayed them into the Hands of those Persecutors; who Rifled and Ransack'd their Goods, and clapp'd their Persons into Prison at Boston, where they lay for a Month together. But Mr. Bradford being a Young Man of about Eighteen, was dismissed sooner than the rest, so that within a while he had Opportunity with some others to get over to Zealand, through Perils both by Land and Sea not inconsiderable; where he was not long Ashore ere a Viper seized on his Hand, that is, an Officer, who carried him Unto the Magistrates, unto whom an envious Passenger had accused him as having fled out of England. When the Magistrates understood the True Cause of his coming thither, they were well satisfied with him; and so he repaired joyfully unto his Brethren at Amsterdam, where the Difficulties to which he afterwards stooped in Learning and Serving of a Frenchman at the Working of Silks, were abundantly Compensated by the Delight wherewith he sat under the Shadow of our Lord in his purely dispensed Ordinances. At the end of Two Years, he did, being of Age to do it, convert his Estate in England into Money; but Setting up for himself, he found some of his Designs by the Providence of God frowned upon, which he judged a Correction bestowed by God upon him for certain Decays of Internal Piety, whereinto he had fallen; the Consumption of his Estate he thought came to prevent a Consumption in his Virtue. But after he had resided in Holland about half a Score Years, he was one of those who bore a part in that Hazardous and Generous Enterprize of removing into New England, with part of the English Church at Leyden, where at their first Landing, his dearest Consort accidentally falling Overboard, was drowned in the Harbour; and the rest of his Days were spent in the Services, and the Temptations, of that American Wilderness."
Note 3:   My Broyles family came to Virginia in 1717. Johannes Broyles came with about 19 other families. He was seeking to escape the persecution of the French in his homeland of Germany. The ship he was aboard was detained in England for six months because Captain Scott was imprisoned there for a debt. By the time he was released and the passengers were on their way, many of the provisions which had been stored up were almost gone and the group was running low on funds. These families had intended to join their fellow countrymen in Pennsylvania. However, an unforeseen storm drove their course to Orange County, Virginia and so that is where they landed. When they arrived, Captain Scott claimed that the Germans had not paid their way, and would not allow them to land until Governor Spotswood of Virginia gave him the amount demanded for their passage. These families were then sold into indentured servitude to pay off their debt for their trip to the New World.  Gov. Spotswood of Virginia paid their passage in return he asked for indenture servitude of seven years. The governor then settled them at "Germanna" where he also had located an earlier group of German immigrants in 1714. (Germanna is located near the Rapidan River and is west of Fredericksburg.) (Note: The "2nd Colony" arrived in Virginia on the ship, "Scott", whose Captain was Tarbett.)
Note 4:   Like many people living in the United States today I have a number of Pennsylvania Dutch ancestors. One family that comes to mind is that of Johannes Philip Fetrow who came to York County, PA, from Heidleburg, Germany. Pennsylvania, being a proprietary colony, granted to proprietors the full prerogatives of government. Proprietary Rights are really just special land grants. What follows is an index to these land grants in York County, PA. The source of the data is Pennsylvania Archives, Series 3, Volume 3, pages 259-266. 111 Fetterer, Philip 100 in Springetsbury Manor application for 100 acres. This is where he obtains his grant of land in PA.   
Note 5:   
  I have several Quaker families in my line of descend but Simon Hadley from Moate, County West Meath, Ireland is one that comes to mind first. Simon Hadley was born in year of 1676 and in Moate, County of West Meath, Ireland. He was the son of Simon and Catherine (Talbot) Hadley. He married around 1697 to Ruth Miller, also of County West Meath. Together they had at least eight children. The oldest, Joseph was born on 25 October 1698. In 1712 the family boarded a ship, possibly in Somerset, England and made the trans-Atlantic voyage to the American colonies. They originally settled in Steyning Manor, Pennsylvania. Where they were members of a Quaker Community which was centered around the New Garden Monthly Meeting House. They lived in Chester Co., PA.

There are numerous references to Simon Hadley and his family but the most in-depth is that he located in the "Immigration of the Irish Quakers into Pennsylvania, 1682-1730", by Albert Cook Myers. Published by the Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc. 1985.

Simon Hadley owned a large tract of land that extended from London Grove Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania into Newcastle County, Delaware. He served as Justice for many years and judge in the New Castle courts. Today the Hadley home is a historical spot for visitors in Newcastle County, Delaware.  The Encyclopedia of Quaker Genealogy, by William Wade Hinshaw recorded that Simon Hadley was received on certificate on 4 August, 1716 at Kennett Monthly Meeting, Chester County, Pennsylvania from Moate Monthly Meeting, County West Meath, Ireland.

Note 5:  My Crumley family that married into the Haddock family in Barry Co., MO, were from a long line of Quakers. By the time they'd reached Barry County, they'd given up their faith for some other religion. The story begins sometime around the later part of the 1600's.  James Crumley who'd come from Yorkshire, England and was of an English Quaker family and he married Catherine Gilkey who was born in Scotland. They reared a large family in Chester Co., PA and also in the Frederick County area of Virginia. Their son John moved to Newberry Co., SC with a group of Quakers and established a family there. His offspring moved into Georgia and then from Georgia the family migrated to Barry County. From: "That Went Thataway", Virginia Vol. 3: 5 November 1793 reads: John Crumley and Hannah, his wife, of Newberry County, District of Ninety-Six, State of South Carolina, sell to Robert Bull of County of Berkley, in Virginia (Now West Virginia) for L293, a tract of land in County of Frederick, State of Virginia, being part of Kings patent granted to Giles Chapman who conveyed the same to James Crumley and part of two other tracts of land granted to said James Crumley, and the said James Crumley in his last will devised the same to Samuel Crumley and became the property of the said John Crumley by being heir at law to the said Samuel Crumley and the said John sold the premises to Henry Crumley 30 October 1787 and the said Henry assigned bond to Robert Bull etc. Proved by witness 3 December 1793 . Recorded 3 May 1796".
Quaker descendant, Thomas Charles Crumley, married Susan Terrell in Buncombe Co., NC. She is thought by the descendants of this line to have been either a full blooded Cherokee or of some undetermined mix of Cherokee.  Nothing much is known about her, except her mother may have been Susan Oliver.  They removed to Barry Co., MO from Habersham County, Georgia, sometime between 1850 and 1860.  Thomas Crumley appeared on a list of "Aged Taxpayers" (Over 55) 1860-61 according to Goodspeed's History of Barry County, Missouri.
Note 6:    The Pease family are an old family of Salem, Massachusetts and were among the first settlers and among the first eight families to settle in that area of Hartford, Connecticut. At Enfield, Connecticut some of the Pease family members became Shakers and were known for their association of that religious body but probably most of the family members were puritans.
John Pease had a grant of land in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1681, that part which in 1683 became what is now Enfield. Cemetery information from Hale Collection at the Connecticut State Library, "Pease, John, b 1630 d 1689". "John Pease, admitted to the church, 4th day of 5th month, 1667. John, Robert, Mary and Abraham, children of John Pease, baptized Sep, 1672. On Sacrament day, John Pease and his wife had a letter of recommendation granted to the church at Springfield (now Enfield, CT) Oct 6, 1681. John Pease whose children were baptized at different times from 1667 to 1672, who joined the church at Salem 1667 and who with wife was dismissed and recommended to the church at Springfield, (Enfield) was the son of Widow Pease." "1682. Capt. John Peas (sic), Sen. ae [sic] 52, had moved lately from Salem to Enfield. He had been a deputy to the general court." [Ref: The Pease Family, by Frederick S Pease] John was a yoeman when he settled in that part of Salem called "Northfields". His name was mentioned frequently in the Essex County and Salem Town records as grantee and grantor of deeds, as a witness, as an overseer of wills, as a constable, and etc. He was made a freeman 29 April 1668 and took the oath before the County court 30 June 1668. He was called "Captain" John Pease. He joined the First Church at Salem on 4 July 1667. It is believed that he, with his two oldest sons John and Robert, went to what is now called Enfield in 1679, living the first winter in an excavation in the side of a hill about 40 rods from where the first meetinghouse stood On 23 July 1680 John and his two eldest sons had land granted to them. He sold his property in Salem in 1682. When they moved to Fresh Water Brook it was still a part of Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1681 Enfield was established and became a part of Connecticut. The area is about 2.5 miles east of what is now called Thompsonville, CT. He sickened while making preparations for building, and died suddenly. This was 10 days after his wife died and the day before one of his daughters died.

Note 6:     I have dozens of New England Puritans but one family that I like to read about is the Collins family. Deacon National Collins is rich with history for the Charlestown, Middlesex County, Massachusetts area. And also their heritage story is filled with Puritan history. Deacon Collins came to Massachusetts from Bramford, Suffolk County, England. His son Nathaniel was a graduate of Harvard University. Alice Adams was the daughter William Adams and the grand daughter of Governor William Bradford. She married Nathaniel Collins, Harvard graduate. The history of these families is well studied and a lot has been written about them. The grandson of Alice (Adams) and Nathaniel Collins, who was named Eliphlet Collins, is my registered Revolutionary War soldier for the DAR. Among the many references for this family is this one.  Origin of Early Settlers reads: "Before and in 1670 those in the latter year being householders and acknowledged as Proprietors," By David D. Field, D. D. Middletown, Connecticut, 1853 pp 143 - 149. And also it reads:  "Nathaniel Collins, the first settled pastor in Middletown, and his brother Samuel Collins, were from Cambridge, Massachusetts, sons of Dea. ___ Collins."
Note 7:     John Berryhill came to Virginia from Ulser, Ireland and he is another of my ancestors. He was the son of Alexander and Jane (Cartright) Berryhill. She was said to have been Lady Cartright. One of his sons was a scribe for George Washington and lived in Pennsylvania. But my ancestor who descended from Alexander and Jane was named Joseph and he married a Creek Indian and lived among the Irish who'd settled near Steele Creek in Mecklenburg County, NC. Joseph's son Alexander served in the Revolutionary War and removed to Georgia where some of his kinsmen were important leaders and members of the Creek tribe.  Before the middle of the 16th century the Creeks controlled almost all of Georgia. My Berryhill family migrated to Franklin County, TN where my great-great grandfather, Michael Weeks Berryhill, was born. My line of the Berryhill family migrated from Tennessee to Jackson Co., AL, and then to Ouachita Co., AR, and from there to Barry Co., MO. Michael Weeks Berryhill served in both the Florida War and in the Civil War as a Confederate solider. He was at the Battle of Pea Ridge in Benton Co., AR. From the Cassville Republican, April 1896:  "And when the struggle came he espoused the Confederate cause and served four years. In the last year he was engaged in thirteen battles. He was 2nd Lieutenant under Lieut. Winton, but never in his life received a bullet wound. "Although," he said, "I have had my clothes shot full of holes, it seems like a kind of a Providence interfered on my behalf many times. But the saddest sight I saw and one that aroused my sympathy most was a Federal Soldier with both arms off, carrying water to a dying comrade."  
Note 8:    John Haddock, another of my ancestors received a number of land grants in North Carolina.  After John Haddock arrived in Pitt County, North Carolina, he made his home at a place that he called the Haddock Plantation where at one time was probably around 1700 acres. Some time before Pitt formed, he was listed as living in Beaufort Co., NC, because that part of Pitt was then a part of Beaufort. On the tax rolls of 1755, was listed Jno. Haddock and had no ownership of slaves. In 1755, on the Beaufort County, NC, tax list, there is but one Haddock family listed - and that is John Haddock.
Note 9:     My ancestors were Anthony Wherry and his wife Sarah Harmon of the Albemarle area. They were the parents of Mary Wherry who married Nasby Mills and lived in the Pitt County area of North Carolina. The Wherry family members and their kinsmen were among the early settlers to the Albemarle area of North Carolina.  Anthony Wherry's wife, Sarah Harmon, was the daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Freeman) Harmon and they also were early settlers to the Albemarle area of North Carolina.  These people were among the Virginia and English settlers who came to North Carolina at an early date. Anthony Wherry was an Englishman and he was born Crediton, Devonshire, England about March 11, 1672/73, the son of Jeremy Wherry. He had a brother named Peter who lived nearby in Credition. After Anthony came to North Carolina, he paid taxes in Perquimans in 1702 and in 1704 he was listed in the Perquimans records because he registered an appraisement - assignment of a patent - and it was acknowledged from Archibald Holmes to Anthony Wherry and ordered to be recorded in 1704. In 1706, October ye 30th, John Foster entered 300 acres of land in Perquimans Precinct adjoining to the lands of Thomas Houghton on the east and the lands of Colleton Sturgeon on the west and soe running to Anthony Wheryes South line to Yeapin Creek. Anthony Wherry died soon thereafter in 1718 there in Perquimans. In 1729 and in the will of Thomas, son of the Deputy Governor Thomas Harvey of North Carolina, two of Anthony Wherry's children were mentioned. The Wherry family had many family connections to these early Albemarle settlers. Thomas Harvey, the elder, was the Deputy Governor  from 1694 to 1699.  And also at an earlier time, and in 1679, John Harvey was the Governor of North Carolina. 
In 1691 the Lord Proprietors appointed a governor of Carolina, and this united all the settlements under one head. At that same time the deputy governor became head of the government in the Albemarle region, thus beginning the division of the province into North and South Carolina, though not so called at this time. Between the years of 1694-1699 Thomas Harvey was the Deputy Governor of the region north and east of the Cape Fear.
Note 10:   John Bellfaught was one of my ancestors who came from the Palatine country. He was no different than the other German people who came to the New World and tried to Americanize their names. In the record books he appeared as Vaught, Faught, Vogt, Vaught and as Bellfaught. His name is usually located as John Vogt [Vaught], Sr. And he is thought to have arrived at Charleston around June 10th, 1750. He died near Harrisburg, Augusta, VA in 1761. Peter Funk, Oct 9, 1759, Augusta Co., VA, served as a witness, probate date Aug 18, 1761 Will Book 3, Page 50. The abstract reads: Johan Paul Faught's (John Bellfaught) will - Wife, sole executrix; wife, Mary Katrine; 3 children, Katrine Cleman, Andrew and Caspar Faught. Proved by Huston and Peter Funk. Mary Catrine qualifies. (signed, Cath. Fought). Ref: "Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlement in Virginia, 1745-1800. Extracted from the Original Court Records of Augusta County" by Lyman Chalkley. John's grandson Andrew Vaught married Elizabeth Tobler who was born at Mt Airy, Wythe, VA. Her father was Jacob Tobler who was from Switzerland and had migrated to the Wythe County, VA area. Sometimes the Tobler name is located as Dobler in the Virginia record books.   
My Vaught family line left Virginia and removed to Blount Co., TN, and then some of their descendants went on down to Jackson Co., AL where they intermarried with the Broyles family. This gave me a good supply of the Broyles family. I have a double line of them. My Conrad Broyles was from Otisheim, Wurttemberg, Germany. Conrad Broyles married Margaret Raush and had a large family. In separate states and a hundred and fifty years later their offspring somehow or another found each other and intermarried. As odd as it seems, one family line of them had gone to KY and then several generations later ended up in the southwest section of MO. The other line went to TN and then to AL and then several generations later migrated to southwest MO. So in the middle part of eighteen hundreds Conrad Broyles had two bloodlines that were living in Barry County, MO. It was here in MO that Conrad and Margaret gave two of their children to my ancestral line. I remember that my grandmother had a hard time with this. She just couldn't believe that it was possible. She wondered what would her mother and father think if they'd known that they were really related. But my grandmother finally consented to the idea after all she said that the connection was so far back that they would never have known or has even guessed. After a lot of ado she finally surmised that after a hundred and fifty years that it would be very unlikely for them to have known.
Joerg Schambaugh, another of my ancestor, came from Pfalz-Palatine, Germany. The Shambaugh family was also of the Palatine people. They were among those that went to Rotterdam and then on to Plymouth, England and from there to Pennsylvania. The foreigners whose names are underwritten, imported in the Ship Saint Andrew, James Abercrombie, Master, from Rotterdam, but last from Plymouth in England, did this day take the usual Qualifications to the Government. By the List 111. Persons 400 Palatines. Among the listed was Joerg Schambach. In Pennsylvania George married at the Dutch Reformed Church in Bucks County, PA to Elizabeth Boehm. Elizabeth was born at Lambsheim, Palatinate, Germany. My Shambaugh family didn't stay too many years in Pennsylvania because they migrated to Harrison Co., OH, where they lived in the Ohio Valley by the early or mid part of the 1800's. Also living in the Ohio Valley was the Fetrow family who'd migrated from the Harrisburg area. From there Elizabeth Shambaugh and her new husband Abraham Fetrow, who'd been born in Harrisburg, Dauphin Co., PA, moved westward to Dallas County, Iowa. My great-great grandmother Janetta Ermina Fetrow was born there in Dallas County. Her mother, Elizabeth (Shambaugh) Fetrow is buried at Clayton Cemetery in Dallas County, Iowa, and Janetta's father, Abraham Fetrow, is buried at Cedar, Smith County, Kansas.  At one time Cedar was a thriving farm community but today only about thirty families live there. 
Janetta married James Alvin Pease, [my great-great grandfather] who was the son of Orlando and Asentha (Goddard) Pease, in Gage Co., Nebraska at Beatrice. They lived in a sod house on the Nebraska prairie and applied for a homestead there in Gage County. In this area of Nebraska, large squares of sod was cut and stacked for construction of homes. Only a few were said to have had wood floors. Most were primitive and they were very cold. History has recorded that with the spring thaw sometimes snakes would crawl from the frozen sod blocks into the house. One New England woman wrote home that she could no longer tolerate the snakes and that she was worried they'd get in their beds at night. My grandparents never mentioned, that I know of anyway, that they had snakes in their sod house. But, according to the Nebraska Homestead Foundation, and to the literature that has been preserved from these pioneer families, it appears that snakes in the house during the spring thaw was not an unusual happening.
Buried at on the Nebraska prairie at Holmesville, at Stark Cemetery, are Orlando Pease and his wife Asentha Goddard, James' first wife, Phebe Mittan, and two of his young children. James and Janetta migrated to Missouri and both died in Barry Co., MO and are both buried at Washburn Prairie Cemetery. Janetta told her offspring that she was Pennsylvania Dutch. James Pease passed on the story to his offspring that some of his family had come on the Mayflower and that he was born at Windsor, Connecticut, and that Granby or the Simsbury, Connecticut area was the home of his ancestors.
Note 11:   In Missouri several of my ancestors were killed by the bushwhackers. See some of the stories listed below.
Hiram Long, one of my ancestors, my fourth great grandfather, along with one of his sons, who was presumably thought to be John Dake Long, my third great grandfather, were both killed at the same time. The story is that they were both taken out in the yard and brutally murdered in front of their families in Barry Co., MO somewhere near Purdy, MO. They may both be buried at Maddy Cemetery.
A bushwhacker story about another of my ancestors is the one about Giles Ira Smith [my third great grandfather] who also lived in Barry Co. MO. He was being chased through the orchard on a dark night as bushwhackers fired into the brush trying to kill him. He ran, escaped, and soon thereafter left Barry County. He went to Texas and remarried leaving behind a wife and children in Barry County that he never returned to.
My great-great grandfather, Charles Haddock, Jr., was left hanging from a tree in Benton County, AR near Garfield with a fire under his feet. He was left to die. Legend has it that the bushwhackers wanted the gold that he'd collected from horses that he'd sold to the Union Army.  One time when they'd come looking for him he hide in the house in the feather bed and once he hid in the corn crib or the barn. He'd decided that he'd have to leave the county or they'd kill him and take his gold. So he told people in the community that he was going to Pitt County, NC where he had relatives but the bushwhackers caught up with him somewhere near Garfield. That was when they tied his hands and to a limb and left him hanging with a fire burning under his feet. A freed black man named Steve who lived on the Haddock place in what was called the Hudson Bottoms took a pack mule and went to Arkansas to find him. He brought back his bones and buried them at Walnut Grove - now called New Site Cemetery.
Note 12:   My ancestor, George Hayes, was born in Scotland but lived at Derbyshire, England before he came to Massachusetts. He married Abigail Dibble at Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut, and of their children four of them are in my direct line of ancestors. One of their children, Daniel Hayes, was the ancestor of President Rutherford Hayes. George and Abigail (Dibble) Hayes died at Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut and were among the earliest of the Hartford County, Connecticut settlers. I have dozens of ancestors who lived at Simsbury and who are buried there. The Dibble family came from Weymouth, Somersetshire, England. Thomas Dibble came with his parents on the John and Mary in 1635 to the Dorchester, Suffolk, Massachusetts area. But by 1660 or thereabout, he was living in the Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut area.
Note 13:   My ancestor Thomas Collins was from the Spartanburg, SC, area and that is where he died in 1796. He was a Revolutionary Solider and the great grandfather of Sarah Collins who married Charles Haddock, Jr.  My Collins ancestor was born in Yorkshire, England and migrated to the United States. He died at Spartanburg, South Carolina. His son, my fourth great grandfather, William Collins, Sr., was born in York Co., PA, but migrated to Warren Co., KY, and then on to Lafayette County, MO.  [Ref: Ross, Bobby Gilmer, Roster of South Carolina Patriots in the American Revolution. Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1983. Ref: Page 189] Collins, Thomas, b. 1729--d. 11 Sept. 1796. He married Rosannah Dodd. He enlisted in the Fourth Regiment on 1 December 1776. [DAR Patriot Index 1966, NARS M-853, Roll 16.]  [Ref: Spartanburg, SC, Page 90. Original Wills] Collins, Thomas- File #611. Will of Thomas Collins...to wife Rosana Collins, sole possession of all my property while she liveth; to my son Joseph Collins & Alexander Collins, sole heirs to all lands; to Joseph one Negro Rachal; to my daughter Neancy (?), Negro Tamer (?); to my grandchildren by the name of Thomas viz Thomas Collins, son of John; Thomas White, and Thomas Auston, L10 each; also the sons of William and Richard Collins of the name of William, L10 to each, as also the two single daughters, there beds & furniture; to the remainder of my children John Collins, Wm Collins, Richard Collins, Mary White & Tenny Auston, one shilling if legally demanded; John & Joseph Collins, exrs. 22 Aug 1796. Thomas Collins (Seal). Wit: B. D. Shumate, William Trayler, James Jordan.
William Collins, Sr., is reported also to have been a Revolutionary Solider and buried in is buried in Lafayette Co., MO. Collins, William.  He enlisted in the Second Regiment on 4 November 1775. He was at the fall of Charleston and he is one of the few Revolutionary Soldiers who are buried in Missouri.
Note 14:   William Hancock, son of William Hancock, listed above died at Bacon's Rebellion. He was the same William Hancock who was born about 1640 Surry, VA, and died 1693 Lawnes Creek Parish, Surry, VA, was a son of William Hancock born 1615 in England, and a grandson of William Hancock (1580-1622) the patriarch of the line. This William III was one of those was killed and who was protesting and who was at Bacon's Rebellion. Because he was protesting he was described as one of those who was among the "Giddy headed, Rude & Seditious" persons. William Hancock and his wife Elizabeth had only one son, John, as proven by his will. William's son John Hancock born 1670 and died 1732 in Surry, VA, married Jane Holt, daughter of Major Randall Holt and Elizabeth Hansford Wilson.
John and Jane (Holt) Hancock had several children. It is thought that Benjamin who was born in 1710 was one of their sons and also that he was the ancestor of the Benjamin Hancock, Revolutionary Solider, who was born abt 1740. This Benjamin who was born abt 1740 died in Wayne Co., KY and left a will.  He married Sarah Lane, a Quaker, and a daughter of  William and Anne (Crew(s)) Lane. When Sarah married Benjamin Hancock she was disowned for marrying out of unity and is listed as such in 1765 in the Quaker Church minutes. Sarah was received at Lost Creek, TN, but was married in Randolph County, NC.
Sarah's father William Lane was at Cedar Creek and then according to William Wade Hinshaw's book The Encyclopedia of Quaker Genealogy, he  went to Henrico in 1733.  William and his wife Anne Crew were from a long line of Quakers and the Hinshaw books have many entries that concern their genealogical history.
Note 15:    Benjamin Hancock, Sr., received a bounty land warrant from the state of Virginia for his service in the Revolutionary war. Grantee: Hancock, Benj; Acres: 400; Book: 13; Survey Date: 11-17-1804; County: Wayne; Water Course: Gap Creek; Reference: Kentucky Land Grants, Volume 1, Part 1.
Benjamin Hancock named his wife Sarah in his will. Also named is my ancestor, Benjamin Hancock, Jr.  Wayne County, Kentucky Vital Records Wills 1802-1909, Volume Six. Compiled and Published by June Baldwin Bork. 1983. p. 11, Old Will Book B; 12 Written: 23 Sept 1811; Proved: Sept Ct 1811 (in Old Will Bk); Proved: Nov Ct 1815 (in New Will Bk); Will of Benjamin Hancock; Being in a low state of health...to my beloved wife, Sarah, all my dwelling household & kitchen furniture ... ; to my daughter Nancy Martin, 5 shillings ... ; to my son, William Hancock, 5 shillings ... ; to my son, John L. Hancock, my daughters, Sarah Rains, and Marjory Warren, all 5 shillings each ... sons, Jessy and Benjamin to divide said land at death of me and my beloved wife, equally and to share in the profits of the mines or minerals that may be discovered on the 200 acres. Executors: Jessey and Benjamin Hancock. Witness: John Duffy, Jacob (X) Hicks and Benjamin Dabney. (Re-copied in New WB A-6)
Note 16:   The one ancestor who comes to mind quickly who carried the title of Selectman is Deacon Samuel Chapin. The title of Selectmen was only given to certain men in the New England communities. Deacon Samuel Chapin was one of those persons and among the Puritans who settled Springfield, MA.  William Pynchon, a town leader, appointed five men of good standing in Springfield, called Selectmen, to watch over the morals, health, and public measures. Deacon Samuel Chapin was one of these who was selected. One of their most delicate duties was that of assigning seats in the Meeting House. The place of Mrs. Cissily C. is there recorded: "Good wife Chapin is to sit in the Seate alonge with Mrs. Glover, and Mrs Hollyock." Mrs. Glover was the minister's wife and therefore the leading lady, and Mrs. Hollyock was the daughter of William Pynchon."  Samuel Chapin was engaged in town business and held continuous office of selectman 1644 to 1652 and again in 1661 and 1664, and later as auditor. Samuel Chapin is first called deacon in the records on Feb. 21,1650. Besides the regular duties assigned to this office, he conducted the Sabbath services, including preaching, for several years when the church lacked a pastor. Springfield, MA has a bronze statue that was erected to honor his life in their town.

Latin Words - Need Understanding

USEFUL TIPS FOR LATIN IN GENEALOGY


References used are personal research from family files, Latin words found in dictionaries and encyclopedias and on the Internet. The referrals are set to go back to Haddock Family Web site for the note area, but those notes on given also on this blog. 

  1. ad litem:  Latin for word "this case only".
  2. ae: Latin word or age and is often seen in legal documents in England and the United States.
  3. aetal:  Latin word for the attained age or a certain age.
  4. administrator: in the United States this is seen in probate records. It is the person who is appointed by the courts to administer that is handle bill-paying and to handle the distribution of assets for the estate of the deceased. It is seen most often when he/she dies intestate; or if a will is located belatedly (post-administration), it may be "annexed" (attached) to the administration order. Abbreviations include adm., admx. and admon.
  5. administratrix: in a will this is a female administrator. Abbreviations include adm., admx. and admon. 
  6. Albemarle County: By 1668 in North Carolina, Chowan, Currituck, Pasquotank, Perquimans Precincts were formed and named Albemarle County.  Then in or about 1679 and for only about 6 years Perquimans was renamed Berkeley Precinct but it was still in Albemarle County. Then in 1689 Albemarle County was the working unit for the government of North Carolina. Next a government was set up that was north and east of Cape Fear and the Lords Proprietors then appointed Phillip Ludwell as a governor for it. Then the next step came in 1691 when the Carolina government was set up and head quartered out of Charles Town.    [Note 9]
  7. Age of Enlightenment: During the 18th century historians labeled the period of intellectual movement in the western world as the age of enlightenment. New products that came from the industrial revolution and a class of wealthy businessmen in North America were the result of this period of time.
  8. Alamo: Colonel William Travis, Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie all died at the Alamo, a world famous battle for Texas' freedom in 1836.
  9. American Revolution: This important event lasted from 1775 to 1783 and was a conflict between the thirteen British colonies in North America and Great Britain. The war achieved independence from Great Britain and a newly created United States of America, which as a result established a republican form of government, in which the power of government resided with the people.
  10. Aprilis (Apr): This is the Latin word for the month of April.
  11. Armstrong Roll: One census known as the Armstrong Roll and it was done in 1831 and was taken following the signing of the Choctaw “Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek”. This treaty was the last major land concession made by the native Americans to the Europeans. Some of the information on this roll includes names of the Choctaw tribal members, whites who married Choctaw natives, and also a few slaves. This is sometimes considered a territorial schedule of census for Mississippi Territory.
  12. Augustus: Latin word for the month of August.
  13. Bacon's Rebellion: Bacon's Rebellion was one of the most confusing yet one of the most intriguing things that has ever happened at Jamestown in Virginia. Historians have for years considered the Virginia Rebellion of 1676 to be the first stirring of revolutionary sentiment in America, and claimed it culminated into the American Revolution that occurred almost exactly one hundred years later. However, in the past few years, historians have come to understand Bacon's Rebellion in a different light. They now say that it was nothing more than a power struggle between two very stubborn and selfish leaders, rather than a glorious fight against tyranny as it had been described in earlier times. Shortly after Bacon's death, Berkeley regained complete control and hanged the major leaders of the rebellion. He also seized the rebel property without the benefit of having a legal way of doing so and he did this without even a trial. All in all, twenty-three persons were hanged for their part in the rebellion. Later after an investigating committee from England issued its report to King Charles II, Berkeley was relieved of the Governorship and returned to England where he died in July 1677.   [Note 14]
  14. baptizatus: In early England the parish records lists in Latin baptizatus and it means baptized.
  15. base born child: A child born out of wedlock. This term is seen in old English parish records but sometimes is also seen in the early Colonial America court records.
  16. bastardry bonds: a fee that was charged to a man who fathered a child out of wedlock. Often seen in England in the Quarter Session records and in the court records of some states in the early America.
  17. bellum: war in Latin. Often seen in English records.
  18. bis: Latin for twice.
  19. black death: is to die of typhus.
  20. bounty land grant: This grant gave the right to a specific number of acres of unallocated public land granted for military service - usually for service in the Revolutionary War or for the service in the War of 1812.
  21. Bushwhackers and Jayhawkers: These were rebels of the Civil War who had not joined with either the Union or Confederate forces. They went about killing the men, who had not joined up to fight, and burning houses and barns stealing what horses and cattle that they could find, and burning houses and barns. Usually the Jayhawkers were in Kansas but they were also occasionally reported to have roaming about in southwest Missouri, too. During the Civil War the Bushwhackers were operating in full force through Missouri and Arkansas. As a result of their robbing and murdering and as a result of other war causes the Civil War almost devastated the cattle industry in Missouri. What cattle that were left were not well cared for. This really hurt the Missouri economics because the cattle raiser was almost out of business and that was a big part of Missouri's economics.
  22. The word bushwhacker means backwoodsmen.    [Note 11]
  23.  Calendars:  Until 1582 all of Europe used the Julian Calendar issued by Julius Caesar and after that Pope Gregory XIII ordered its replacement with what has become known in modern times as the Gregorian Calendar. This is the same calendar that we use today.  Most European countries adopted the Gregorian Calendar. At that time England refused to change and didn't do so until the year of 1752.  This was during the interim period (1582-1752). Sometimes Quaker records are located in either New Style (NS) or Old Style (OS) but the record may state which it is.  By an English Act of Parliament passed in 1750, the Gregorian (New Style) Calendar  replaced the Julian (Old Style) Calendar, the day after 2 Sep 1752 was called 14 Sep 1752, and the legal first day of the year became the first of January.
  24. Chain carrier (and often times are listed as CC or SCC): This term is often seen in North Carolina records and in the early Virginia records. It usually meant someone who helped with the survey but other times it meant the person who carried the chain of ownership down from the original granted owner.
  25. Cherokee: The most familiar name for this Indian tribe was Cherokee, which comes from a Creek word "Chelokee" meaning "people of a different speech." In their own language the Cherokee originally called themselves the Aniyunwiya (or Anniyaya), which means "principal people" or the Keetoowah (or Anikituaghi, Anikituhwagi) "people of Kituhwa." They usually accept being called Cherokee, but many prefer Tsalagi from their own name for the Cherokee Nation (Tsalagihi Ayili).   
  26. The Cherokee have been divided into three divisions depending on location and dialect (east to west):  Lower, Middle, and Over-the-Hill; Other distinct bands were: Atali, Chickamauga, Etali, Onnontiogg, and Qualia;  Three Cherokee groups are currently federally recognized: Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians (Oklahoma), and the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (North Carolina). The Echota Cherokee are recognized only by the state of Alabama.   
  27. Cherokee Strip: The Cherokee Strip was actually the Cherokee Outlet land, which the Cherokee Indians had been allotted for hunting of the buffalo. It was intended to be their permanent hunting grounds, but it was among the lands appropriated by white settlers in the Oklahoma Land Rush of 1889. In fact the Cherokee had already been coerced into acceding much of their land prior to the 1893 Cherokee Strip land rush. It wasn't long until the natives and dislocated Indians alike were relegated to reservations, and as one might figure, they were usually placed on the poorer plots of land or land that no one else wanted.    [Note 5   ]
  28. Civil War: a military conflict between the United States of America and the Confederate States of America. It is sometimes referred to as the War of Rebellion. It brought freedom to 4 million black slaves. The white plantation owners of the South viewed the election of Abraham Lincoln as a threat to their economic well-being and believed that the ending of slavery was on the horizon.
  29. Civil War Pay: In the Union Army white soldiers were paid $13.00 per month and black soldiers were paid $10.00 a month.
  30. Consort: a woman who was survived by her husband.
  31. Cordwainer: one who works with fine leathers, a shoemaker or a leather worker.
  32. corporeal hereditament: the right to inheritance of tangible property, e.g. an estate in real property - in land.
  33. corporeal rights: tangible rights in real estate - in property.
  34. Creek Indians: They controlled much of the state of North Carolina before 1755 and remained there until about 1827. They were living in Georgia prior to the 18th century as was other tribes of their confederacy. The name "Creek" came from the shortening of "Ocheese Creek" Indians - a name given by the English to the native people living along the Ocheese Creek - or the Ocmulgee River. Many early deeds of certain parts of Northeastern Georgia often times listed the name of the deed holder and then gave a location as the Ocheese Creek with hardly any other property description. After awhile the Creek name was soon applied to all groups of the confederacy. The Apalachicola, Oconee, Chiaha, Osochi, Creek, Okmulgee, Guale, Tacatacuru, Hitchiti, Tamathli, Icafui, Yemasee, Kasihta, and the Yui were all part of the confederacy. Most of the groups that were in the confederacy shared the same language, the Muskogean, the same types of ceremonies, and had the same type of village. The Creek people were living in these villages in large permanent towns. [Note 7 ]
  35. curo: means to administer in Latin. 
  36. de:  In Latin this is a surname prefix meaning of, generally references a location (de dutton), but may also refer to the son of a father   (son of Dutton). Also "atte" (Old English "at" or "of" )  
  37. debitum: Latin for debt.
  38. decem:  In Latin this is the number ten.
  39. decimus, decimo: In Latin this is the tenth.
  40. demise:  this term has to do with leases. It is transferring from a lesser to a lessee a leasehold estate for a term of years, for life.
  41. die: In Latin this is the meaning of day.
  42. domus: Latin for house, home, or residence.
  43. dower:  after the death of a husband, a widow's one-third interest in his land for the rest of her life.
  44. duo:  In Latin this is the word for the number two.
  45. duodecimus:  In Latin the meaning is the twelfth.
  46. duodevicesimus, octavo decimo: In Latin the meaning is the eighteenth.
  47. Dutch in the Hudson Valley: The Dutch East India Company, a trading organization in Europe, was looking for a new route to the Orient, to China, Japan, and Southeast Asia. The company sent ships to the northwest, expecting to reach Asia, but instead, they stumbled onto North America. In 1609 Henry Hudson, who was an Englishman, sailed for the Dutch East India Company, sailed up the Hudson River. His ship, the Half Moon - In Dutch was "Halve Maen" sailed around 150 miles upriver towards Albany, New York, before they realized their mistake. Instead of finding a quick passage to China, they had sailed into one what is known today as one of the roughest rivers in the American northeast. A charter to the area was granted in 1615 to the United New Netherlands Co. This was the first time the name "New Netherlands" was used to refer to the New World. In 1664 the British took the area of New Netherlands, and under Governor Edmond Andros, New Netherlands became what is today New York
  48. duxit, matrimonium duxit: In Latin this is married.
  49. entail, entaile:  this has to do with property (real) which cannot be deeded or willed by the present owner, but must transfer, upon current owner's death to a pre-designated individual, which was usually a family member.
  50. famulatus: This means slavery in Latin. Also may mean servant.
  51. feudal system:  The English common law that dealt with land ownership was based upon the feudal system where the monarch who owned all the land but could give it to favored individuals. It was often given in exchange for services.  The tenancies that were held were called "feuds", "fees", or "fiefs", and the tenants would then pass on the rights to others. It went like this: King to overlords, overlords to vassals, vassals to serfs. The service could be anything from military service to some other type of service. But eventually this system was replaced with the tax system such as the Virginia quitrents. The main thing with the feudal system was that the king had control of the land because the title to a track of land was always subservient to the king. One issue was the question of inheritance. The land that was held in fee simple was inheritable, and the heirs could continue to enjoy the tenancy providing that they could render the service that was required in order to keep it.
  52. fil: The Latin word for son. 
  53. filia:  The Latin word for daughter.
  54. forda: In Latin this is a cow with a calf. This term is sometimes seen in early Colonial American and in old English wills.
  55. forenis: Latin for legal.
  56. fratri: This is Latin for  brother.
  57. freeman or freedman:  a feuda or medieval term. In England and in Colonial America, it was a man who had the full right of citizenship, including the right to vote and engage in business. Indentured servants and apprentices who were, in a sense, the property of another person.  In the American Colonies, this term was sometimes used to denote a person of color who was not the property of another - who had been freed from bondage or slavery.  In Virginia, voting required owning land, whereas Maryland did not add that prevision until sometime later on.  Sometimes this term is seen in the colonial documents of Massachusetts and Virginia.
  58. French Huguenots: the name given in the time of the Reformation to the French Protestants. When Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685, all protection of law was withdrawn from the Huguenots. Even though they were forbidden to leave France, hundreds of thousands of them fled. They took with them their arts and knowledge of manufacturing. They spread their French culture throughout England, Germany, the Netherlands, and also the British colonies of North America. In the Hudson Valley of New York there was a pocket of French Huguenots that lived there among the Dutch. They first inhabited the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam during the 1640's. They populated the capital Duzine, meaning "New Village,"  and this was later known as Kingston in peaceful coexistence with the Dutch. However, the Huguenots desired a place of their own to preserve the French language. The governor of New York granted them thirty nine thousand acres of land south of Kingston, New York, which later became known as New Paltz. By the spring of 1678 there was only about twelve families that made the journey to New Paltz. Among this group was the ancestral family of Paul Revere, a family of silver smiths.
  59. fuit:  The Latin term for was.
  60. gens: Latin for a race or tribe.
  61. Gentleman: This was a title originally given to a man of noble or gentle birth, later a member of the landed gentry, the lowest degree of nobility, above the rank of yeoman, and later yet, a man of independent means.
  62. Georgia Land Lottery: Georgia’s Land Lottery was a method by which western lands were sold to settlers. It stipulated that every bachelor - meaning man - with three years residence in Georgia was allowed one draw and every married man with like residence was allowed two draws. Under an act of December 15, 1818, Revolutionary War veterans were given preference and allowed two additional draws beginning in the Third Land Lottery of 1820.
  63. Germanna:  In 1713, forty or more Germans left their homes in Nassau-Siegen, expecting to go to the New World and to mine silver.  In 1717, another group left Southwest Germany and for that trip there was about eighty or so passengers. They thought that they were going to Pennsylvania. Neither of these groups were able to fulfilled their expectations. Instead, and sadly as it is, they became guardians of the frontier in Virginia and a vanguard in the westward expansion of English civilization on the North American continent. The Lord Proprietors of North Carolina had earlier received permission to send several hundred of the what was really thousands of Germans that were now living in London to their new colony. These proprietors agreed to provided transportation for an initial group of Swiss if Christoph Von  Graffenried, a citizen of Switzerland, would be responsible for the Germans they were sending over. So believing that he could pursue dual objectives of colonization and that of silver mining also, Christoph Von Graffenried agreed to lead the several hundred Germans and a smaller contingent of Swiss to North Carolina. So with this, the silver mining was pursued and Johann Justus Albrecht was hired. He was to purchase tools and to recruit German miners.  So in order to find miners, Albrecht went to Siegen where there were working in the iron mines. Christoph Von Graffenried thought that the North Carolina colony could be set up rather quickly and that he could therefore devote his attention to the silver mines that they were now holding in the colony of Virginia. Christoph Von Graffenried's company had now obtained the Queen's approval for land in Virginia to establish a Swiss colony there. There was no real intention of using the Swiss citizens since the German miners were going to live there. But In America, many misfortunes - one after the other - befell upon Graffenried. He first was to escape what could have been his death while he was in the hands of American Indians. The German - Swiss Colony did not prosper well in these early years. As it is reported in American history Graffenried and Michel had a disagreement. This conflict happened before Michel had shown Christoph Von Graffenried the location where the silver mines were in Virginia. So Graffenried went to Virginia to see if he could find a site where he could relocate what was left of the North Carolina colony and to see if he could find the silver mines by himself. While he was there, he attracted the attention of Lt. Gov. Alexander Spotswood. Spotswood even invested significantly in what he thought was a silver mine. And soon Graffenried gave up in America and the colonization enterprise of silver mining was now bankrupt. In 1713, he returned to Europe. And when he went to London he learned that Albrecht was living there. He had forty-odd people from the Siegen area who were expecting to go to the colonies and have that trip financed by Graffenried. There is nothing that seems to explain why the Germans were motivated to go to London in the first place and at this time. So Christoph Von Graffenried, who was now broke, could only advise them to go home and so that is what he did. They did not want to return home and so they were now living in England and without a country. This was when the Germans agreed to pay a part of their transportation costs and to work four years to pay off the remaining balance. The agent for Virginia, who was in London, England, took it upon himself to obligate Governor Spotswood to pay the balance, but Governor Spotswood didn't know about the agreement.    [Note 3 ]
  64. Gulielmi: The Latin term for the given name of William. [Such as Gulielmi Smith]
  65. Habet: The Latin word for he or she has.
  66. Headright: In Virginia, in 1627 Governor George Yeardley began the system of granting land that was known as the headright system. Anyone who brought someone to the colony could get 50 acres of land. Grantees had to pay annual quitrents, which was in a sense a type of real estate tax. And in addition, the owner had to "plant and seat" the land in order to keep it.
  67. hedomada: Latin word for week.
  68. habitans: In Latin the meaning is habituate or residence.
  69. his: In Latin it means this or the latter.
  70. hodie: The Latin word for today.
  71. husbandman: In England this was  a farmer, cultivator or tiller of the ground; originally a tenant who cultivated leased ground.
  72. Indentured servant and apprentices: They who were, in a sense, the property of another person.
  73. intestate: This means that one has died without a legal will.
  74. in capite:  Latin for a chief; in England, "tenure in capite" was a holding directly from the crown.
  75. incol: ae: This is Latin for resident, inhabitant of a place, or a foreign resident.
  76. indentured servant: an individual voluntarily or involuntarily contracted to working for another for a fixed number of years (often four to seven) in exchange for specific considerations (such as passage to the Colonies in the 17th and 18th centuries), usually including freeman status. 
  77. infantia: Latin for infancy or babyhood.
  78. instituta apostolica: This is Latin for canon law.
  79. Jamestown: On May 14, 1607 passengers from England arrived in Virginia. After the disastrous first colony that was located at Roanoke, the English once again came to the New World, this time to the Chesapeake area. This was in May 1607. An English businessman recruited 120 men, who wanted to go to America, and they sailed on three ships for the New World and they set sail with Captain John Smith. Then later on and in 1620 a group of ninety young women landed in Jamestown on the Bride Ship. The Virginia Company sent it to Jamestown. Most of the women worked in the kitchen, vegetable garden, smokehouse, orchards, tobacco fields or in the main house. Interestingly - when a man married one of the women from the Bride Ship he had to pay the Virginia Company for her trip with his tobacco crop. The original colonists were quick to build a fort at Chesapeake Bay. James Fort was with a notable triangular-shaped fence around it to protect from Indian attacks. It encompassed a total of 1,600 acres. They settled, however, too far down stream on the river; the water there was too salty from the ocean waters. The Indians who visited these Jamestown settlers remarked that they had made a poor choice, and so told the colonists to pray "to their god" for rain; the settlers took it as a compliment, because they saw their God as mighty and strong. By the winter of 1609, there were around 500 colonists now living at Jamestown. From the diggings that have been done at Jamestown, VA, we now know that it was occupation by many skilled craftsmen     [Note 1]
  80. Januarius, Ianuarius (Jan): In Latin this is the month of January.
  81. Julian calendar: This calendar was established by Julius Cesar and used as late as 1751. In Quaker records this is referred to as the Old Style Calendar.
  82. Juvenhus: Latin for the age of youth.

Sunday, November 14, 2010

Help With Reporting Facts

HOW WE SAY WHAT WE SAY IS IMPORTANT 

Records don't show us anything. - It is incorrect to report a record like this: "Newspaper records show that Noah was the son of Charles Haddock." Correct usage example: "The death record that was reported in the Barry County Democrat reads that Noah was a son of Charles Haddock, Jr." 

Mary was not a Jones!!!!!!! - Should read: I am certain that Mary was not Mary nee Jones! Or - I have proof that Mary's maiden name was not Jones!  

Be kind when you report errors to people. When a person uses a number of exclamation marks just to make their point, is certainly an act of unkindness. I personally think that messages like that have been generated by ignorant people who are also rude.

I assume that you feel this is your family since ... The way a person feels has nothing to do with the facts. Be sure and state why and give facts. 

Facts should be reported with clarity  

It says that she was married to Ralph Black. - This line should read something like this: "The Cassville Democrat reported her married to Ralph Black in January of 1898 and her license was issued in February of that same year." 

She was supposed to have been married to Ralph Black. - This line should state that she was allegedly thought to have been married to Ralph Black but no record was located to prove that superlative statement. Using some words that describe what happened would help to explain the situation so that the researcher has an understanding of where the information came from would be good. 

She's buried somewhere in Washburn. This one should read something like this: "Since Washburn only has the one main cemetery, the best place to look for her burial spot would be in Washburn Prairie Cemetery."

REPORTING MISTAKES MADE IN GENEALOGY

  MISTAKES SHOULD BE REPORTED!


We all make mistakes - because we are human. The first mistake a person makes is in thinking that they don't make any and that they won't make one. If we try and be careful with our record keeping we can cut down the number of mistakes that we make.


  Mistakes, Mistakes, Mistakes


I once wrote to a lady and told her about some mistakes in the data that she had posted on her web page. After I'd notified her about this problem several times, I became alarmed that she did not answer my mail. It was concerning lineages and dates that she had posted incorrectly. 


Finally she wrote back and told me that she did not want me to tell her about the mistakes she'd made and to please reframe from using her site. She said that she had no time to correct these things that were incorrect and did not want to know about them. I thought that it was interesting that she had plenty of time to post new material but no time to correct her mistakes.


It's unfortunate that some people can't see that a person has to be born before they can die and that a marriage is not likely to have happened a hundred years after a birth.


Another case of almost the same issue came up with a man who changes the birth, marriage, and death dates of our ancestors. I believe that this is a serious situation, and that names and dates should not be changed to something that we think that they might be or want them to be.


On the date changes, this person changes all the dates to read June 1st of whatever year he chooses to use.


It's too bad that people like that are allowed to do genealogy. Yes, yes, I am personally angered by people who change our ancestor's names and dates that the rest of work so hard to keep straight and work so hard at keeping records correct.


The only thing that I know to do is to keep on telling these people that their kind of genealogy simply doesn't work. I know most of you are going to say that you don't want to be on the wrong end of an angry message. But I think that we should keep on talking and trying so that someday we'll get a higher level of genealogy represented in the research that is out there now.


Let's hope that a few of the ones we talk to will hear what we are trying to get across to them.

Ancestors - Lost & Found

LOST AND FOUND

  • Our ancestor's are people that once lived. They all left paper trails so it is up to us to find the trail or at least some dust they left behind. 
  • Our ancestors were never lost so they can't be found - but their names can be located in the record books.

  1. Example: I found listed my grandmother's brothers, Lemuel and Chester Berryhill, in Barry Co., MO. They were listed as children of Jeff Berryhill in a Barry County, MO, newspaper. 
  2. Example: I found a will in Pitt County, North Carolina that names Dinah Taylor as a sister to my grandfather. 
  3. Example: I located my grandmother's family in Pitt County, North Carolina, living next door to Nasby Mills. Finding Nasby opened many doors that can be opened now one at a time.
  4. Example: I found in the cemetery a stone that was lost. Now I will try and find who it belongs to.
  5. Example: I found lost a photo in my grandmother's belongings that might have belonged to her mother-in-law.
  6. Example: Finding the records for my Simpson family has been more than a struggle with the recording keeping system.